64. Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.
A) does not have any unhealthy living habits
B) does not have any physical handicaps
C) is able to handle his daily routines
D) is free from any kind of disease
題目問傳統(tǒng)上講,一個(gè)人在何種情況下會(huì)被視為“健康的”(well)。可以看到第二段在開頭提到了傳統(tǒng)健康觀點(diǎn):The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.”。這個(gè)句子的主語是醫(yī)學(xué)界(The field of medicine),謂語是“未作區(qū)分”,而后使用了一個(gè)between……and句型,引出未作區(qū)分的二個(gè)對(duì)象,第二個(gè)and之后的pays其主語依然是醫(yī)學(xué)界,因?yàn)樗褂昧说谌朔Q單數(shù)形式,和前面的has一致。副詞traditionally限定了這段描述的對(duì)象是傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)療觀點(diǎn)。這句話的意思是傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)界未對(duì)僅僅“沒有得病”和“十分健康”做出區(qū)分,而把注意力放在了身體的特殊需求上。這二種情況都被稱作了健康。
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是:
A,沒有任何有害健康的生活習(xí)慣。根據(jù)文意,這應(yīng)該是健康新觀點(diǎn)的倡導(dǎo)之一。
B,沒有任何生理缺陷。第二段解釋“well”觀點(diǎn)時(shí)提到了handicap,原意是說一個(gè)人只要努力追求健康,即使具有生理缺陷也可以是well。這里講的健康新觀點(diǎn)。B的說法錯(cuò)誤。
C,能夠處理好日常事務(wù)。文章最后一句話提到了daily life,講到wellness會(huì)對(duì)daily life產(chǎn)生積極的影響,但這里的wellness同樣屬于新觀點(diǎn)。
D,沒有任何疾病。根據(jù)上面的分析,傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)界沒有就“沒有得病”和“十分健康”做出區(qū)分,即二者完全相等,健康就是沒有疾病。D的說法正確。
65. According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.
A) to best satisfy their body’s special needs
B) to strive to maintain the best possible health
C) to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D) to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
題目問根據(jù)作者的說法,wellness的真實(shí)含義是指人們要如何如何。第二段中間部分提到了某些健康專家的健康新觀點(diǎn),而后對(duì)well和wellness分別進(jìn)行了解釋。對(duì)wellness是這樣解釋的:“Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life。這段話較易理解,大意為:最好不要把wellness看做是一種人們能夠達(dá)到的狀態(tài),而應(yīng)該是一種努力追求的理想。健康的人更能夠抵御疾病侵襲,或在染病時(shí)能更好地與疾病抗?fàn)。Wellness的觀念讓人們把注意力集中在健康的生活方式上,在人們面對(duì)日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí),wellness的觀念可以施加有益的影響。
A,最好地滿足身體的特殊需求。第二段開頭說到滿足身體特殊需求(and pays attention to the body’s special needs)是傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)界的觀點(diǎn),而不是新觀點(diǎn)。
B,努力保持可能的最佳的健康狀態(tài)。文中把wellness定義為an ideal that people can strive for,strive for是“努力達(dá)到”的意思,與B的表述一致。Ideal是理想狀況,可以理解為一種可能達(dá)到的最佳狀況。B的說法正確。
C,滿足身體健康的最為苛刻的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。文章提到了wellness是一種理想,暗含不容易達(dá)到的意思,但理想而不易達(dá)到的不見得就是最苛刻的。同時(shí)文中也沒有提出任何“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。
D,在工作和休閑之間保持良好的平衡。某權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)給出的答案即是D,應(yīng)該是從文章最后一句話做出的判斷。這句話意思是“Wellness的觀念讓人們把注意力集中在健康的生活方式上,在人們面對(duì)日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí),wellness的觀念可以施加有益的影響”。也就是說,如果人們接受了wellness這種觀念,就會(huì)更注重健康的生活方式,從而有利于人們應(yīng)對(duì)日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)。先看前半句,注重健康的生活方式,可以是不抽煙不喝酒,這與工作和休閑的關(guān)系無關(guān)。再看后半句,日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)有可能是工作中的難題,而通過適當(dāng)?shù)男蓍e來更有效的應(yīng)對(duì)這些難題的確是可能的。但是,日常生活的挑戰(zhàn)也可以不是工作,同時(shí),休閑也不見得就代表了wellness。從哪個(gè)方面講,D的表述都無法說通。
66. According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?
A) People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B) People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C) People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D) People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.(C)
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