應(yīng)試亮劍 2009年6月英語六級翻譯指導(dǎo)及練習(xí)(9)

　　3)除此之外，漢語還存在一種"怪現(xiàn)象"，即：用主動語態(tài)來表達(dá)被動意義。例如"在......中"嵌入及物動詞可用于表示被動意義。這種情況在譯成英語時，既可以選擇被動語態(tài)也可以選擇主動語態(tài)。

　　例9 新住宅在建造中。

　　譯文：New houses are being built/ are building.

　　例10 新教材在印刷中。

　　譯文：New textbooks are being printed/ are printing.

　　Exercise Nine

　　1. It is time ________________ (有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題的時候了).

　　2. In the sports meeting, _______________ (他替換了那個受傷的運動員).

　　3. _________________ (盡管這對老夫婦生活簡樸)，they enjoy true happiness.

　　4.The teacher always told us that ________________(我們必須把所學(xué)到的知識應(yīng)用于實際工作中).

　　5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________(我不得不放棄做運動).

　　1. (that)the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems

　　解析：本題考點有兩個。第一，考查"是......的時候了"的用法。翻譯成英語可以說：It is time to do something或It is time that sb. did something.本句采用的是后一種虛擬語氣句型。謂語部分要用過去時態(tài)。第二，"有關(guān)當(dāng)局"應(yīng)譯成the authorities concerned。Concerned的意思是"有關(guān)的，有牽連的"，常用于名詞后面，修飾該名詞。concerning的意思是"關(guān)于"，通常不作后置定語。

　　2. he substituted for the injured player

　　解析："替換某人"要用substitute for sb. ，盡管漢語中只說"替換"，翻譯時要補上介詞for，以符合英語的要求。"替換"還有displace，replace，swap，take the place of，instead of等說法。這些表達(dá)之間有微妙的差別，考生要注意區(qū)分。

　　substitute(n./vi.) 代替;取代; 代替品

　　Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.

　　substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意為用A代替B;

　　replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意為用B代替A。

　　例句：

　　1. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being substituted for the better and more expensive kind.

　　2. The government decided to replace coal with gas.

　　練習(xí)

　　1. Nowadays plastic is often used to ______ for rubber. (看到for用substitute)

　　2. The team ______ James with John in the match today. (with用replace)

　　3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life

　　解析：Despite有"盡管"之意，看似連詞，實際上卻是介詞。相當(dāng)于in spite of，一般后接名詞，如：Despite the bad weather we enjoyed our holiday.(盡管天氣不好，我們的假期仍過得很愉快。)原句需填入部分是一個單句，因此要用"despite the fact that..."結(jié)構(gòu)。讓步狀語從句還可以用although引導(dǎo)，即：Although the old couple leads a very plain life.